Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in Chemical Manufacturing

Introduction
Chemical manufacturing is essential to modern life, supplying fertilizers, plastics, solvents, coatings, fibers, pharmaceuticals, and thousands of industrial materials. It is also energy intensive, and many processes generate carbon dioxide from both fuel combustion and chemical reactions. Carbon capture and storage, or CCS, is one option for addressing emissions that are difficult to eliminate through efficiency and renewable electricity alone. In a CCS system, carbon dioxide is separated from an industrial gas stream, conditioned and compressed, transported, and injected into a suitable geological formation for long-term storage.

Where CO2 Comes From in Chemical Plants
Emissions in chemical and petrochemical complexes arise from multiple sources. Boilers, furnaces, crackers, reformers, utilities, and combined heat and power systems burn fuels to provide heat and...